Antimony Trioxide

THIS chapter reviews the physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, toxicological, epidemiological, and exposure data on antimony trioxide. The subcommittee used that information to characterize the health risk from exposure to antimony trioxide. The subcommittee also identified data gaps and recommended research relevant for determining the health risk from exposure to antimony trioxide.



TABLE 10–1 Physical and Chemical Properties of Antimony Trioxide

Characteristic
Value
Reference

Chemical formula
Sb2O3
Lide 1991–1992

CAS registry #
1309–64–4
Lide 1991–1992

Synonyms
diantimony trioxide, flowers of antimony
Budavari et al. 1989

Molecular weight
291.5 g/mol
Lide 1991–1992

Physical state
Crystal
Budavari et al. 1989

Solubility
Very slightly soluble in cold water; slightly soluble in hot water; soluble in KOH, HCl, tartaric acid, and acetic acid
Lide 1991–1992

Vapor pressure
1×10−10 mm Hg
Calculated from Lide 1991–1992

Melting point
656 °C
Lide 1991–1992

Boiling point
1,550 °C
Lide 1991–1992

Density
5.2 g/cm3 (senarmontite), 5.7 g/cm3 (valentinite)



OCCURRENCE AND USE
Antimony trioxide is formed by reacting antimony trichloride (SbCl3) with water. It is used in combination with some brominated flame retardants, and might also be used in conjunction with zinc borate, both within and outside the United States on commercial furniture, draperies, wall coverings, and carpets (R.C.Kidder, Flame Retardant Chemical Association, unpublished material, April 21, 1998). It is also used in enamels, glasses, rubber, plastics, adhesives, textiles, paper, and as a paint pigment (Budavari et al. 1989).






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